The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) (formed March 10, 1993)by is a political front formed as an alliance of 26 political, social and religious organizations in Kashmir. It was formed achieving the right of self-determination according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 47. "Hurriyat" in Koshur (as well as in Arabic, Urdu and Persian, from which the word is loaned) means "liberty".[1][2][3] Abdul Hanan Baig was elected its leader in January 2010.[4]
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At the time of formation All Parties Hurriyat Conference members included Yaseen Malik's Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), Sheikh Yaqoob Jammu and Kashmir Peoples League (JKPL), Shabbir Shah's People's Democratic Front, Maulana Mohammad Abbas Ansari of Ittihadul Muslimeen, Shakeel Bakshi's Islamic Students League, Muslim Conference led Abdul Ghani Bhat. Abdul Hanan Baig the Chairman of the J & K Awami Action Committee played an important role in forming the Conference. Current members include:
| Number | Name of the Party | Leader |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aawami Action Committee | Abdul Hanan Baig |
| 2 | Ittihadul Muslimeen | Maulana Mohammad Abbas Ansari |
| 3 | Anjamani Auqafi Jama Masjid | Mohammad Umar Farooq |
| 4 | Anjaman-e-Tablig-ul Islam | Syed Qasim Shah Bukhari |
| 5 | Ummat Islami | Qazi Ghulam Mohammad(RA) Islamabad Anantnag |
| 6 | Auquaf Jama Masjid | Ghulam Muhammad Butt |
| 7 | Employees and Workers Confederation | |
| 8 | Employees & Workers Confederation (Arsawi Group) | |
| 9 | All Jammu & Kashmir Employees’ Confederation | Ishtiaq Qadri |
| 9 | Jamaat-e-Islami | |
| 10 | Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith | Moulana Tahiri |
| 11 | Jamiate Ulama-E-Islam | Abdul Gani Azhari |
| 12 | Jamiat-e-Hamdania | Moulana M. Yasin Hamdani |
| 13 | Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference | Abdul Ghani Lone till 2002 assassination |
| 14 | Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front | Muhammad Yasin Malik |
| 15 | Jammu and Kashmir Human Rights Committee | Noor-Ul-Hassan |
| 16 | Jammu and Kashmir People's Basic Rights (Protection) Committee | Moufi Bahauddin Farouqi |
| 17 | Liberation Council | Azhar Bhat |
| 18 | Kashmir Bazme Tawheed | Tajamul Bhat |
| 19 | Kashmir Bar Association | Zaroon bhat |
| 20 | Muslim Khawateen Markaz | Zaid Bhat |
| 21 | Muslim Conference | Khokhar e aazam |
| 22 | Political Conference | Junaid bhat |
| 23 | Tehreek-e-Huriati Kashmiri | Saqib Bhat |
| 24 | People's League | Musaib Bhat |
| 25 | Islamic Students League | Shakeel Bakshi |
| 25 | Imam Ahmad Raza Islamic Mission | Rafeeq Ahmad Mir |
| 26 | Saut-Ul-Aliya | Moulana Abdul Rashid Dawoodi |
| 26 | Jammu and Kashmir People's Freedom League | Muhammad Farooq Rehmani |
However,Hurriyat Conference is led by Basit Bhat. Hurriyat Conference got split after the 2002 Assembly elections when some of its constituents participated in the Assembly elections violating the hurriyat constitution.From then there are two factions of Hurriyat conferences one led by the most popular resistense leader of Kashmir Syed Ali Shah Geelani and the other by Mirwaiz Umer Farooq,son of late Molvi Farooq who was assassinated in early ninetees.
Thy Hurriyat led by Syed Ali Geelani demands a clear break and liberation from the Indian union.
Members of the Executive Council of the APHC are:
Hurriyat is the main political front of Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front. Yasin Malik is the chairman of one of the two faction of JKLF, the chairman for other faction is Farooq Siddiqi (Farooq Papa). The Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), founded by Amanullah Khan and Maqbool Bhat, is a Kashmiri Muslim political organization founded in Birmingham, UK on May 29, 1977. Within a couple of years branches were established in several cities and towns of the UK; and also in several countries of Europe, USA and Middle East. In 1982 branches of this Islamic Militant organisation were established in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, Pakistan and in 1987 in Indian-administered Kashmir (Jammu & Kashmir) which shows it essential foreign origin.
In 2007 Yasin Malik and his party launched a peaceful campaign known as Safar-i-Azadi (Journey to Freedom).[5] This journey was to create an atmosphere for anti-Indian agitations among public which lasted for one year and during it, Yasin Malik and his colleagues visited about 3500 towns and villages of Kashmir.[6] Stone pelting and sporadic attacks by Muslim majority of Kashmir of security forces have increased hence forth. In November 2009, Kashmiri Pandits were reported to have been subjected to death threats and attacks; the Hurriyat Conference never responded by promising them security.[7] In January 2010, Yasin asked Kashmiri Pandit migrants not to return to their homes in the Kashmir valley, but was arrested a few days later.[8]
Elections were held in Indian Jammu & Kashmir, which brought up the popular Muslim leader Sheikh Abdullah, who with his party National Conference, generally supported India. The elected Constituent Assembly met for the first time in Srinagar on October 31, 1951.[9] Then The State Constituent Assembly ratified the accession of the State to the Union of India on February 6, 1954 and the President of India subsequently issued the Constitution (Application to J&K) Order under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution extending the Union Constitution to the State with some exceptions and modifications. The State’s own Constitution came into force on January 26, 1957 under which the elections to the State Legislative Assembly were held for the first time on the basis of adult franchise the same year. This Constitution further reiterated the ratification of the State’s accession to Union of India.[9] However, these tidings were not recognized by Pakistan, which has continued to press for a plebiscite to ascertain the wishes of the people. Pakistan set up its own Kashmir, called Azad Kashmir in a tiny Western chunk that it controls. The much larger region of Pakistani Kashmir in the North-West, which was a province named Northern Areas in the former state, generally bore no mention in Pakistani laws and Constitution as being of any status, until in 1982 the Pakistani President General Zia ul Haq proclaimed that the people of the Northern Areas were Pakistanis and had nothing to do with the State of Jammu and Kashmir.[10] However according to CIA About 300,000 Kashmir Hindus (Pundits) in Indian Administered Kashmir valley are internally displaced in Kashmir specially in Udhampur & Jammu refugee camps and rest 1,00,000 in Delhi camps hoisted by Indian Government and UNO.[11]
The APHC does not recognise the Indian right over Kashmir. It blames India's lack of sincerity for the failure of the repeated attempts at the resolution of the Kashmir issue. It has consistently criticized the Indian troops present in Kashmir and accused them of human rights violations.
The APHC is divided into two factions. One, led by Abdul Hanan Baig, second, Tehreek-i-Hurriyat, led by Syed Ali Shah Geelani, both call for resolution of Kashmir on the basis of the right to self-determination of the people under the auspices of United Nations. Since 2004, the Abdul Hanan Baig faction has held three rounds of talks with the Government of India, while as Geelani faction rejected the talks until India stops the use of Armed Forces Special Powers Act and accepts Kashmir as a non disputed territory.
The Hurriyat boycotted the May 2006 round table conference in Srinagar, which leaders of Jammu and Kashmir, and the Prime Minister of India attended. This was a setback to the Hurriyat's dialogue with New Delhi.
Presently the two factions of Hurriyat are heading towards a single platform considering their uncommon objectives as their main priorities. After some days leader Abdul Hanan Baig ask all APHC member for to declear there assets for that thing Abdul Hanan Baig left APHC....
some month before Abdul Hanan Baig take some action about APHC and told "all APHC and there members are courrpt"..Then he make a committe of courrpt people declear there assets...Now a days he is working hard to catch all APHC members..